Optical fiber difficulty and Use

Optical fiber difficulty:

1. Kamunikesane optical fiber installation cost is much higher than in the first.
 
2.The Fragile optical fiber More than a specified amount of skew can. Bent U shape so it can not be used where there is a low skew is required.
 
3. By Chemical ephektateda may be - such as hydrogen gas (Under Water Transmission's case).

 
4. Copper wire is more important than the protection of optical phaibare. Once the complex katale Zoran.
 
5. People need to Maintain Expert
 Use of Optical fiber:
 1. Optical fiber is widely used in the field of telecommunication.
 
2.The Tension, temperature, pressure, and many more data storage media (Sensor) can be used as a aptikyala phaibarake.
 
3. Optical fiber is used as sesimika sonarera haidrophona. Haidrophona system has been created with more than 100 sensors.
 
4. Oil industry haidrophona sensor system being used.
 
5. Laser is used to create the microphone.
 
6. Gairoskopa Boeing 767's optical sensor is used as an optical fiber.
 
7. This optical fiber is used in any car.
 
8. It is currently being used for illumination and image editing.

Whistle Responder project

Beeps when hears your whistle
A gadget suitable for key-holders, games etc.
Parts:

R1_____________22K 1/4W Resistor
R2_____________10K 1/4W Resistor
R3______________4M7 1/4W Resistor
R4,R8_________100K 1/4W Resistors
R5____________220R 1/4W Resistor
R6____________330K 1/4W Resistor
R7_____________47K 1/4W Resistor
R9______________2M2 1/4W Resistor
R10_____________1M5 1/4W Resistor

C1,C5__________47nF 63V Polyester or Ceramic Capacitors
C2,C3__________10nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C4,C6___________1µF 63V Electrolytic Capacitors

D1,D2________1N4148 75V 150mA Diodes

IC1____________4049 Hex Inverter IC

Q1____________BC337 45V 800mA NPN Transistor

MIC1_________Miniature electret microphone

BZ1__________Piezo sounder (incorporating 3KHz oscillator)

B1___________2.8 or 3V Battery (see notes)

Notes:
Power supply range: 2.6 to 3.6 Volts.
Standing current: 150µA.
Depending on dimensions of your box, you can choose from a wide variety of battery types:
2 x 1.5 V batteries type: AA, AAA, AAAA, button clock-type, photo-camera type & others.
2 x 1.4 V mercury batteries, button clock-type.
1 x 3 V or 1 x 3.6 V Lithium cells.
 

P & P (PNP) transistors to determine

P n P (PNP) tranajistarera the two pin negative (-) and a pin is positive (+) is. See the following figure, Figure madhyakhanera pin down the (+) Common pin. In the case of m positive pinata tranajistarera madhyakhanera pins (2nam) to connect and m negative pinata first tranajistarera 1 of the pin and the next 3 pin connection, and the connection of the two meters of the show will (if P ena P (PNP) the transistors), usually in the way we ena P & P (PNP) transistors can be determined.
 

What is Chiller?

ANS:

A chiller is a machine that removes heat from a liquid via a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycle. This liquid can then be circulated through a heat exchanger to cool air or equipment as required. As a necessary byproduct, refrigeration creates waste heat that must be exhausted to ambient or, for greater efficiency, recovered for heating purposes. Concerns in design and selection of chillers include performance, efficiency, maintenance, and product life cycle environmental impact.